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Spring sowing guide

What to sow inMay

Based on UK average frost date (mid-April). Enter your postcode on the homepage for personalised dates.

Direct sow outdoors

Plant out

Beetroot

Each seed cluster produces several seedlings — thin to the strongest. Don't chuck the leaves, they're delicious wilted with butter.

Swiss chard

Beautiful and productive. Pick outer leaves and it keeps going for months. Rainbow chard looks stunning.

Leeks

Drop seedlings into deep holes and just water in — no need to fill the hole. They'll fatten up on their own.

Broccoli

Cut the main head first and you'll get side shoots for weeks. Purple sprouting is the real star — worth the long wait.

Sweetcorn

Plant in a block, not a row — they're wind-pollinated and need neighbours. Each plant gives you 1-2 cobs, so don't be stingy with numbers.

Courgettes

You only need 2-3 plants. Seriously. Pick them small (15cm) or they turn into marrows overnight.

French beans

Dwarf varieties need no support. Pick every few days — once they start producing, they don't stop (unless you let pods go to seed).

Squash

Big hungry plants — give them space and feed them well. Leave to cure in the sun before storing and they'll keep for months.

Pumpkins

Limit each plant to 2-3 fruits for bigger pumpkins. Sit them on a tile or slate to stop rot from underneath.

Pak choi

Sow early spring or after midsummer — it'll bolt faster than you can blink in the heat. Worth it though. Fast-growing and very rewarding.

Fennel

Sow after midsummer for best bulbs — earlier sowings often bolt. Don't transplant bare-root, it hates root disturbance. Use modules.

Celery

Sow seeds on the surface — they need light to germinate. Start early in a propagator. Cutting celery is much easier than trench celery if you're new to it.

Tomatoes

Pinch out side shoots on cordon types. Feed weekly with tomato feed once the first truss sets. Don't overwater — flavour comes from a bit of stress.

Peppers

Start early — they're slow growers. Pinch out the first flower to encourage bushier growth and more fruit overall.

Chillies

Need heat to germinate — use a propagator or the warmest windowsill you've got. The more sun they get, the hotter the fruit.

Cucumbers

Outdoor varieties are tougher and easier than greenhouse ones. Keep picking and they keep producing — ignore them and they swell to marrow size.

Runner beans

Build a strong frame — they get seriously heavy. Pick every 2-3 days or they go stringy and the plant stops producing.

Aubergine

Start very early — January isn't too soon. Limit to 5-6 fruits per plant if you want decent-sized aubergines rather than marbles.

Basil

Pinch out flower buds to keep leaves coming. Harvest from the top to encourage bushy growth. Loves heat — don't even think about putting it outside before June.